C1V1 = C2V2
Dilution Calculator
Free dilution calculator for C1V1=C2V2 lab work. Solve initial concentration, starting volume, final concentration, or final volume with clear formula output.
Solve for
Enter the other three values — Initial Volume (V₁) is calculated for you.
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C₁V₁ = C₂V₂Formula reference
C₁ × V₁ = C₂ × V₂Cₙ = C₀ / factor^nExample: make 100 mL of 10 mM solution from 100 mM stock
- 1Set C₁ to 100 mM.
- 2Set C₂ to 10 mM.
- 3Set V₂ to 100 mL.
- 4Leave V₁ blank. The calculator solves V₁ = 10 mL of stock, then dilute to 100 mL final volume.
Common mistakes to avoid
- Mixing concentration units without converting first.
- Measuring solvent volume instead of bringing the mixture to final volume.
- Using zero or negative values, which are physically impossible for dilution calculations.
Frequently asked questions
What does C1V1=C2V2 mean?
C1V1=C2V2 states that the amount of solute before dilution equals the amount after dilution. C1 and V1 describe the stock solution; C2 and V2 describe the final diluted solution.
Can this calculator solve for any dilution variable?
Yes. Enter any three values and leave one field blank. LabTools solves the missing concentration or volume and keeps the selected units visible.
Should I add the calculated solvent volume directly?
Usually no. For most lab protocols, add the stock solution and then bring the mixture up to the final volume with solvent.
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